What Are The Components Of The And Evm - 1017 Words

There are three basic components to EVM and EVM is well known for its use of acronyms. Planned Value (PV) is the scheduled cost of the work in a a specific given time. This is also known as Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled (BCWS). This is developed by firstly taking the work that must be completed for a successful project outcome and this work is estimated, regardless of whether it is internal or outsourced. This estimate is then converted into a monetary value which reprents the specific currency portion of the ‘planned value’ of the specific task, which gives an idea of that the task has a worth to the business and is then scheduled based upon when the task is actually scheduled to happen within the project plan. Timing and amounts are then set out and the Planned value for the task is set. A project change being implemented is the only way this can be changed. The next component would be the Actual Cost, which is the actual amount of money which has been spent to date . This is also known as Actual cost of Work Performed (ACWP) and is the number in which finance is always most concerned about. This represents the actually monetary cash value that the business has to spend on the project. Actual cost is determined using the accounting system’s method for accumulation of cost. It can be helpful to collect costs established on a project account number or change number correlated with the costs and this number might change each day based on whether the project work wasShow MoreRelatedAdvantages and Disadvantages of EVM981 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Advantages and Disadvantages of Earned Value Management (EVM) Student Name: INF337: Integrated Cost Schedule Control Instructor: Elliott Lynn October 6, 2014 The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the similarities and differences of earned value management (EVM) and how it could provide the project manager a better chance of having a successful project. When you are assigned as the project manger or any project, your goal is to meetRead MoreA Project Manager For Monitor And Control The Execution Of The Endeavor919 Words   |  4 Pageswork is progressing, the costs, application of the resources required, and if the schedule is being sustained with the overall project plan. This is especially important when a project manager uses the earned value management (EVM) system to track and monitor an undertaking. EVM and variance management must have accurate material and labor costs accounted in order to be an effective tool. Labor and Material Costs Resources are essential for completion for any project, but must be managed differentlyRead MoreControl Cycle1093 Words   |  5 PagesManagement (EVM) helps project managers to measure project performance. It is a systematic project management process used to find variances in projects based on the comparison of worked performed and work planned. EVM is used on the cost and schedule control and can be very useful in project forecasting. The project baseline is an essential component of EVM and serves as a reference point for all EVM related activities. EVM provides quantitative data for project decision making. EVM contributesRead MoreProject Scope Of Earned Value Management925 Words   |  4 Pagesis the most important part of the planning process of any project. Early in the planning process, one has to identify and choose project team members. In order for the project to be successful, the project team members have to understand what their jobs are and what it is they have to do. Another important step in the project planning process is to understand and identifying the project stakeholders. The project stakeholders are the customers, sponsors, and other organizations who are actively involvedRead MoreWhy The Evm Is Not Used For A Important Concept On Measuring The Progress Of The Project897 Words   |  4 PagesI agree with to begin to collect reasons why EVM it is not used accordingly and based on that to build up the examples. My first opinion is that EV is an important concept on measuring the progress of the project, but not well explored as a significant tool and in such context, I think that by knowing why the EVM is not used properly can lead toward how to use it. There are cases that PMs know the concept but it is unusable for different reasons as well as there are many cases in which the conceptRead MoreCase Study Analysis : Franklin Electronics1409 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study Analysis and Proposal: Franklin Electronics Monitoring and control activities are essential components to effective project management (Chrissis, Konrad, Shrum, 2011; PMI, 2013). The main purpose of monitoring and control activities are to having an understanding of project progress/performance against the agreed upon plan, identify potential risks, provide accurate forecasts, and to ensure corrective actions are taken when necessary (Chrissis et al., 2011; PMI, 2013). SuccessfulRead MoreInternational Project Management1700 Words   |  7 Pagesaddition to serving as a key control mechanism, budgets also help the company to manage the projects cash flows more effectively, and to use that knowledge of cash flows and earned value management to make better decisions with respect to what projects are accepted and what are rejected. There are a number of different approaches to the budgeting process. For projects that are similar to existing projects within the company, internal benchmarking is a sound budgeting technique. Oth er budgeting processesRead MoreElectronic Voting Machine Using 8051 Microcontroller7611 Words   |  31 Pagesand Data Register (DR) 3.5 Commands and Instruction set 3.6 Sending Commands to LCD 4. Project Description 4.1 Block diagram 4.2 General working 4.3 C language code 5. Project Methodology 5.1 Components 5.1(a) Ballot unit 5.1(b) Control unit 5.2 Software used 5.3 Equipments used 5.4 Procedure of building the EVM 5.5 Using the Electronic Voting Machine 5.6 Hardware schematic 4 5 10 10 10 12 13 14 15 16 16 16 17 18 19 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 26 30 34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 37 2 6. Result and ConclusionRead MoreThe Birds Nest Stadium1840 Words   |  8 Pages(CITIC Consortium) had a finance department used for estimating projects (Chinyere,2013). This team was used throughout the whole project and because of their background in estimating, this meant that they had expert judgement on what activities could be done and for what price. Other techniques the team used include computer software which could generate estimates on prices using historical information and previous projects that the team had done (Chinyere, 2013). In regards to project cost managementRead MoreQuestions On Using A Word Processor1889 Words   |  8 Pagesgathering imperative measurements about segments in the item. †¢ Audit and survey: Approving the complete-ness of an item and keeping up consistency among the parts by guaranteeing that the item is an all around characterized accumulation of components. 2. a) Describe the activities of software quality assurance (10 pts) The activities of software quality assurance are : †¢ Utilization of Technical Methods (Employing legitimate systems and instruments for creating programming) †¢ Behavior

Childhood Development Through Active And Participatory...

Childhood can be explained as an early stage of life in which there is the existence of development through active and participatory socialization. The stage of childhood only began to exist post fifteenth and sixteenth century; children used to be considered miniature adults (James, p. 16). Once children were removed from the adulthood designation, the attitudes of parents also began to change; they began coddling their children. Prior to the fifteenth century, children were expected to perform hard labour. As formal education grew in popularity within society, it added an extra component to the socialization of children. In the book Constructing and Reconstructing Childhood, (2004, p.13) Shildkrout concludes that in the traditional approach of socialization, â€Å"child culture is seen as a rehearsal for adult life and socialization consists of the process through which, by one method or another, children are made to conform, in cases of ‘successful’ socializations or become deviants in cases of ‘failed socialization’. This brings forth the ideology that children develop and are socialized on a universal spectrum that has only successful or ‘deviant’ outcomes. Although there are advantages of recognizing the importance of the traditional approach on childhood socialization, it is vital to use the childhood perspective to gain a complete understanding of the socialization of children. The childhood perspective on socialization is an approach that is strictly understood fromShow MoreRelatedYouth, Digital Media and Their Roles in Social Changes5494 Words   |  22 PagesINTRODUCTION New Media And Youth Every day, a story runs in the news media that relates to teenagers and the internet or social networking or digital media. There are many stories –one of them for example- about sexual predators tracking down teen users through social networking site, or tons of stories about personal disclosure. Whatever, there no many stories explained about young people using new digital media for good. The media itself, sometimes, gave many stories that prey on their audience’s fearsRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesCalifornia Preschool Learning Foundations Volume 2 Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health Publishing Information The California Preschool Learning Foundations (Volume 2) was developed by the Child Development Division, California Department of Education. This publication was edited by Faye Ong, working in cooperation with Laura Bridges and Desiree Soto, Consultants, Child Development Division. It was designed and prepared for printing by the staff of CDE Press, with theRead MoreHistory of Work Ethic8363 Words   |  34 PagesHistorical Context of the Work Ethic Roger B. Hill, Ph.D.  © 1992, 1996 From a historical perspective, the cultural norm placing a positive moral value on doing a good job because work has intrinsic value for its own sake was a relatively recent development (Lipset, 1990). Work, for much of the ancient history of the human race, has been hard and degrading. Working hard--in the absence of compulsion--was not the norm for Hebrew, classical, or medieval cultures (Rose, 1985). It was not until the ProtestantRead MoreAll About Peace Education13195 Words   |  53 PagesALL ABOUT PEACE EDUCATION *Dr. Ajay Kumar Attri, Lecturer; Department of Education, MLSM College ; Sundernagar; Mandi (H.P) âž ¢ INTRODUCTION: Education shall be directed toward the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.Read MoreContextual Factors8375 Words   |  34 Pageswith 15 mothers caring for their hospitalized sick children with acute injury or illness. Crist and Tanner’s circular process of hermeneutic interpretive phenomenology was chosen to guide the data analysis. Findings. The prevailing concept identiï ¬ ed through analysis was the ‘constant vigilance’ that mothers developed. Interpretation of data resulted in the identiï ¬ cation of four key themes: ‘being sensitive to others’, ‘providing helping hands’, ‘monitoring health conditions’, and ‘maintaining dialogues’ Read MoreSex Education in Nigeria7622 Words   |  31 Pages7 per cent of the Nigerian population, are found to be highly vulnerable to antisocial behaviours such as violent crimes, unsafe sexual activities and drug abuse among others. The Nigerian Association for the Promotion of Adolescent Health and Development, (NAPAHD) has also alerted that, an hospital based research has shown that, 80 per cent of patients with abortion complications are adolescents. 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Professor Tomas Mà ¼llern, Jà ¶nkà ¶ping International Business School, Sweden . McAuley, Duberley and Johnson’s Organizational Theory takes you on a joyful ride through the developments of one of the great enigmas of our time – How should we understand the organization? Jan Ole Similà ¤, Assistant Professor, Nord-Trà ¸ndelag University College, Norway I really enjoyed this new text and I am sure my students will enjoy it, too

Location Based Mobile Learning

Question: Discuss about the Report for Location Based Mobile Learning. Answer: Literature review: 1. Traditional learning methods of location-based learning: Aala Alkhafaj (2016) mentioned that traditional learning methodology is a mobile technology that can be helpful for the user to learn about anything easily. If someone has a smart phone and high-speed internet connection then he can use the location-based learning system very easily. So many platforms accept to use the traditional GPS-based learning system. With the help of this system the user can be pinpointed by the tracking system and he can get information related to to the topic he needed. There are so many data development companies, which are currently using this system to distribute the knowledge base of different subjects (Bonnin, 2009). 2. Problems of traditional learning methods: Brown et al. (2015) mentioned that traditional learning method is a method by which a person can learn about anything with the help of books or written journals. However, these methods have some limitations to using. Students can read and learn from mobile based learning system. It will be also helpful for the teachers to monitor the progress of the students. On the other hand, location based learning system have no limit of knowledge. Anyone can use the internet and can know the details of the subject. He can also learn the additional thing if he wants to know more. Location-based learning system is not limited like traditional learning methods (Caball, 2009). 3. Learning approaches that use GPS in learning: Fernandez-Lopez (2013) said that traditional learning system needs a place to talk and books to understand the method of the knowledge. However, modern techniques can use mobile to learn more than that processes. In modern techniques, the location-based learning system has the proper way of getting the best result on the go. The task model need to design and implemented properly to create a prototype system. Later it needed to be tested and deployed. The system need to run on both android and iOS systems. User can learn more with the help of a mobile and they can get additional support from the GPS system to learn from the environment. Mainly they use universal framework for this system (Ghani et al. 2016). 4. How these methods are helpful to solve the problem of traditional approaches: Gong (2016) mentioned that traditional approach is a slow and limited way of learning. The modern way is easy to use anywhere and that need to maintain the best way to learn more in the shortest period. As a result, the user can access the mobile from anywhere and that is very helpful in learning new methodologies. This system needs a stakeholders contribution to get the best result. The stakeholder must be experienced enough in GPS programming. The developer must be a high level programmer to develop this system. Students can get the information from anywhere and they can easily use them to learn new things. They can also hear the audio and video to understand the methods so easily. He needs only one GPS activated the device and high-speed internet connection (Hwang et al. 2011). 5. Strength and limitations of the learning approach that are using GPS: Ishikawa et al. (2008) mentioned that a GPS (Global positioning system) could help the user to understand his location and getting the information from the environmental system. A strong system can be helpful for the user to get information easily and quickly. Students can easily work on the task like studying and getting knowledge on the different subjects like history, environmental science or any other specified subject. It will be very helpful for a student if he is new to a location. The disadvantage of this method is that the user has to carry the phone or GPS enabled a device with him (Kearney et al. 2012). 6. Tool to measure the effectiveness of learning: Kukulska-Hulme Traxler (2005) said that there are so many tools to measure the effectiveness of learning. These tools can measure the learning outcome of a student to understand the quality of the learning. TUgeowiki is a tool that can be used in this system to measure the quality of the study material and the learning effectiveness. In addition, the tool can help the user to make sure how to develop a better learning system for the students. It can also help the student to create an application design, summery and outlook. In traditional learning system, the student`s progress cannot be measured or tracked by the user. However, it is possible in modern GPS system (Kukulska-Hulme, 2009). Figure 1: Matrix of GPS mobile Learning Source: (Created by self) 7. Test of students knowledge, skill and performance: Li Zhao (2008) mentioned that with the help of modern techniques and tools the outcome of learning can be measured by the user. They can use a GPS system to trace their students and their interest. The user can use different tools to get the expected result. On the other hand, the user needs to understand the learning methodology and the process of the learning. That will be helpful for the user to understand the knowledge, skills, and performance of each student separately. With the help of this technology the students progress can be measure by the teachers so easily. Mobile based learning system can also make sure that this system need to upgrade with the help of object orientated programming language like JAVA. Traditional learning system does not have these facilities. However, the system needs to develop more to get an accurate result (Ma Chen, 2010). 8. The effectiveness of this application: Martin Ertzberger (2013) mentioned that this application could be used to understand the learning methodology and the quality of the work to make sure that the user gets the additional information from any learning system. Figure 1: Framework of Mobile Learning System Source: (Created by self) With the help of a mobile learning framework a students need to understand the critical use of the system. It is an easy system to run on any platform like android or iOS. Students can easily use the system to make a best approach to get more knowledge with the help of mobile learning system. This system need to be tested several times by the software developers and stakeholders. Students and teachers can give their feedback to the developer to develop the system. They can use the high-speed internet connection to make sure they can have the required result (Motiwalla, 2007). Reference list: Aala S. A. Alkhafaj, F. (2016). Smart Ambient: Development of Mobile Location Based System to Support Informal Learning in the Cultural Heritage Domain. . 2014 IEEE 14th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies , 774-776. Bonnin, J. M. (Ed.). (2009).Mobile Wireless Middleware: Operating Systems and Applications. Second International Conference, Mobilware 2009, Berlin, Germany, April 28-29, 2009. Proceedings(Vol. 7). Springer Science Business Media. Brown, E. (2011). Education in the wild: Contextual and Location-based mobile learning in action. Nottingham: Tellar Alpine Rendez-Vous. Brown, E., Borner, D., Sharples, M., Glahn, C., Specht, M. (2010). Location based and contextual mobile learning. Deliverable Contribution Small Scale Study . Brown, T. H., Van der Merwe, H. J. (Eds.). (2015).The Mobile Learning Voyage-From Small Ripples to Massive Open Waters: 14th World Conference on Mobile and Contextual Learning, MLearn 2015, Venice, Italy, October 17-24, 2015, Proceedings(Vol. 560). Springer. Caball, S. (Ed.). (2009).Architectures for Distributed and Complex M-Learning Systems: Applying Intelligent Technologies: Applying Intelligent Technologies. IGI Global. Fernandez-Lopez, A., Rodriguez-Fortiz, M. J., RodrGuez-Almendros, M. L., MartNez-Segura, M. J. (2013). Mobile learning technology based on iOS devices to support students with special education needs.Computers Education,61, 77-90. Ghani, I., Jawawi, D.N.A. , Dorairaj, S., Sidky, A. (2016) Emerging Innovations in Agile Software Development. Hershey PA: Information Science Reference Gong, Z., Chiu, D. K., Zou, D. (Eds.). (2016).Current Developments in Web Based Learning: ICWL 2015 International Workshops, KMEL, IWUM, LA, Guangzhou, China, November 5-8, 2015, Revised Selected Papers(Vol. 9584). Springer. Hwang, G. J., Chang, H. F. (2011). A formative assessment-based mobile learning approach to improving the learning attitudes and achievements of students.Computers Education,56(4), 1023-1031. Ishikawa, T., Fujiwara, H., Imai, O., Okabe, A. (2008). Wayfinding with a GPS-based mobile navigation system: A comparison with maps and direct experience.Journal of Environmental Psychology,28(1), 74-82. Kearney, M., Schuck, S., Burden, Kand Aubusson, P (2012). Viewing Mobile Learning from A Pedagogical Perspective, Centre for Research in Learning and Change, 20 Kukulska-Hulme, A. Traxler, J. (2005).Mobile learning: A handbook for educators and trainers. London: Routledge Press. Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2009). Will mobile learning change language learning?.Recall,21(02), 157-165. Li, F., Zhao, J. (2008).Advances in Web Based Learning-ICWL 2008: 7th International Conference, Jinhua, China, August 20-22, 2008, Proceedings (Vol. 5145). Springer Science Business Media. Ma, M. Y., Chen, C. W. (2010).Mobile Multimedia Processing. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Martin, F., Ertzberger, J. (2013). Here and now mobile learning: An experimental study on the use of mobile technology.Computers Education,68, 76-85. Motiwalla, L. F. (2007). Mobile learning: A framework and evaluation.Computers education,49(3), 581-596.

Minister Jailed During Rape Trial Essay Research free essay sample

Minister Jailed During Rape Trial Essay, Research Paper MINISTER JAILED DURING RAPE TRIAL Drumhead Supreme Court Justice Richard Buchter jailed Jung Woo Lee, a 50 two twelvemonth old curate at a church in Flushing, for ravishing his 21 twelvemonth old niece. Lee said that he realized he was attracted to her about every bit shortly as she arrived? because she was have oning short trunkss and besides the manner she crossed her legs, like film star Sharon Stone in Basic Instinct. ? Lee admits to holding sex with the niece, but non ravishing her. When asked if he thought she was taking him on, he said that he has no thought how adult females? s heads work and could non give a consecutive reply. The prosecuting officers say that the lone ground why he even admitted to holding sex with her is because they found his sperm discolorations on her bloomerss. The alleged victim arrived in the United States on a pupil visa on May 23, 1998. We will write a custom essay sample on Minister Jailed During Rape Trial Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She was to populate with her aunt and uncle while analyzing English at Fordham University. On June 5, the uncle testified, he told the miss that he was fond of her and kissed her. They made an understanding that she wouldn? T state anyone about this. The following twenty-four hours, he says, he embraced her and kissed confidant parts of her organic structure, nevertheless she was agitating her caput in a negative manner. On July 5, they became confidant to the fullest grade when they experienced the act of sexual intercourse. The really following twenty-four hours, the victim says, she went to populate with a friend and shortly afterwards flew back to Korea. Upon stating her female parent the narrative, she filed charges and returned to the United States for the test. Issue The issue being discussed here is colza. It is besides being analyzed, how colza should be defined and what constitutes a colza. What portion does aggravation P ballad? The issue of? taking on? is one frequently discussed. We habitually blame the alleged raper for the offense, but what function does the victim drama. Does have oning a short skirt constitute means for colza? The thought that? no? truly means? yes? besides arises. She was agitating her caput but there was a feeling that she wanted to? are the words frequently uttered by the alleged raper. If she allows to be kissed, does that connote that she wants to hold sex? These are the inquiries and issues that frequently arise in colza tests, and their reading can be damaging to either the alleged or even the victim. Opinion In my sentiment I will try to reply the rhetorical inquiries asked above. Obviously I am against colza and I feel that true violent rapers should be punished to the extreme grade. I will explicate what I mean with the word? true? . If a adult female is walking down the street, and is attacked by a adult male, raped and viciously crush? this is true colza. However, being Russian, I feel that Americans define the word colza to be many things that it is non. If a miss is on a day of the month with a cat, and they go to his topographic point, they? re gulling about and they end up kiping together, so the following twenty-four hours, repenting it, she files for colza? it? s non ravish. If a hubby comes place and wants to kip with his married woman, and she is non in the temper, but he sleeps with her anyway? it? s non colza. I hate colza every bit much as the following individual, but I do non experience that it should be a adult female? s whipping boy for the errors that she made. If you slept with him and he did non name the following twenty-four hours, wear? T go registering for colza, it will non work out your jobs. Life is non all rose-colored colourss. When you make errors you have to take duty for them. This applies to the alleged rapers every bit good as the? alleged? victims.

Employee Empowermet Essays - Economy, Accountability, Management

Employee Empowermet Essays - Economy, Accountability, Management Employee Empowermet Debate #2: Employee Empowerment is the Only Way The selected passage discusses the idea of teaching people to lead themselves in the work place, or empowering employees to make decisions that will affect the running of the organisation, and ultimately, their careers. The passage asserts that organisations function best when the top management holds paramount decision-making power because it focuses this power to the only body truly capable of making educated, goal-achieving decisions. This view stands open to much criticism. The article states that a specific organisational body must be given ultimate decision-making power so that important decisions cannot be passed off to others. Organising the decision-making process can prevent this problem. The process could be structured so that each department was held responsible for a part, which would involve regular departmental decision making sessions. Each department would then have an employee representative who could bring ideas to an inter-departmental decision-making panel. Decision-making would then involve a network that spanned from each department to all levels of an organisation. The process would be more complex, but would provide objective and systematic decision-making, involving more departments and considering more individual opinions. This would involve more time and energy, but the outcome decisions would ultimately be better. The passage states that some subordinates would not be comfortable with decision-making responsibility, and have poor problem solving capacity. This is pessimistic logic and serves a classic example of the clich of seeing a half-filled glass as being half-empty. Focus should be place on those employees who have excellent problem solving skills, would be comfortable, and have the potential to be excellent decision-makers. These are the employees who would logically move to positions of higher authority, and giving them more control and decision-making power will prepare them for this role. The author states that problem-solving through multidisciplinary, cross-organisational teams uses time and creates confusion. Time and confusion are necessary precursors to effective teamwork. Good rational decision making involves objectively filtering all of the possibilities and pertinent information, to choose the best possibility. Employees are the most useful information source for organizational decision-making. They can answer questions and can give you more information in a shorter time than any other resource. They are the best sources of new ideas, and can offer detailed information, on every corner and crack of an organisation, which cannot be found in any operating manual. Undoubtedly, this process will involve more time and confusion, but nothing of value comes without effort; work is a pre-requisite of good decision-making. The article asserts that all workers do not share the organisation's goals and are not motivated. This may be true, but dedication to a cause is a personal attribute that cannot be attained through specific education or experience. Being incumbent of the highest positions of management does not assure the adoption of the companies values and motivation to pursue them. Top management positions require motivation to achieve, but this motivation may be directed to achieving personal, rather than organisational goals. The passage assumes that employee empowerment will increase the possibility of employees running away with the store, or using this power in a self-serving fashion with disregard to the organisation's goals. This is a possibility, but there is also the possibility of top management running with the store. Selfishness and self-serving decisions are characteristics of people from all walks of life, and are not lost merely through education and experience. Allowing the top management to hold ultimate power places them in an obvious position to make decisions, consciously or unconsciously that will serve their point of view. Surprisingly, the role of top management should be to manage, and the most important resource they must manage is the people that work at all levels of an organisation. Their role should not be to rule, but to lead. They must be objective and understand that they cannot solely provide the best decisions on aspects that are not in their realm of expertise. Managers should motivate employees provide useful information and opinions in organisational decision-making. They should facilitate and co-ordinate interaction between departments, which creates more unity throughout the organisation. Managers should also understand that employees form the foundation of any organisation, and that all of them

How to Speed Up Your Job Search and Find a Job Fast

How to Speed Up Your Job Search and Find a Job Fast Sometimes you have the luxury of spending months and months looking for your next job: plenty of time to fine-tune your resume and your interview handshake, lots of time to pick over jobs that don’t really feel right for you. Other times, you need a job now. Maybe you’ve just lost your current job, or things are so miserable at work that the thought of staying there six more months makes you want to curl into a ball under your desk and wait until everyone else goes home. Whatever the reason, you can take steps to accelerate your job search. It doesn’t guarantee a new job tomorrow, but if you’re willing to use every tool at your disposal, you can get an edge. According to a 2014 survey by Jobvite, 71% of Americans are either actively looking for a job, or open to switching jobs. That’s a lot of people on the market. Add that to the conventional wisdom that one should expect to spend a month for every $10,000 you earn in salary. ($60,000 = six months of sometimes-soul-sucking job search). With factors like that, the prospect of finding a new job quickly can be awfully daunting. So to help speed things along, you should be prepared to put all your energy into prepping yourself fast, and using a number of different tools to get to your outcome faster.1. Use Job Boards Wisely  2. Your Social Network  3. Self-Makeover  Use Job Boards Wisely  Online job boards can be extremely useful as a starting point. Jobs! Industry-specific jobs! At your fingertips! However, they can also complicate matters, so use them with savvy. Relying on job boards can take away from the urgency of your hunt†¦if you fall into a habit of waiting for the right job to pop up, you could be waiting a long time indeed. The Muse has some great tips on how to refine your job board search to keep your search active and hopping, including:Find industry-specific job boards, so you’re not slogging through truck driving jobs when you’re really looking for medical assistant jobs.Double-check the dates on job postings. Found the perfect job opening? Well, crap†¦it was posted and filled six months ago. Be wary of job postings older than a month, because they might be out of date.Use very specific keywords when searching job boards. Use filters to really drill down into what you want- and if possible experience level. You don’t want to have your heart set on a posting, only to find out that it’s out of bounds for your experience.Put robots to work for you. More specifically, set up saved searches and email alerts to let you know when postings come up that meet particular criteria.Do more than search for jobs on the sites. This applies especially if you’re using a niche job board, but general career sites also have a lot of useful content beyond the job posts. Whether that means specific company profiles or tips for your job hunt, maximize your time on the sites by pulling as much info as you can duri ng your daily checks.Pay Attention to Your Social Network  I can vouch for the power of your social network: for my two most recent jobs, I got notes from former colleagues/current friends who said, â€Å"Hey, there’s an opening at my company and I think you’d be great for it.† One came while I was actively looking, and the other came out of the blue. Both were great opportunities that I never would have found (or even thought to seek, really) via conventional means. So the moral of the story is this: never underestimate the connections you already have.RELATED:  The 7 Biggest Social Media Mistakes You Can Make During Your Job SearchThis is a trend that isn’t going away anytime soon. According to the 2014 Jobvite survey, Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter are some of the biggest social media drivers connecting people with job opportunities. [via Jobvite]The advantage of using your social network for your job search is also the benefit and curse of the in ternet in general: you get exposure and feedback pretty instantly. A quick private message (PM) to a friend at XYZ Corp. could get you an emailed link to an internal job opening the next day. Or maybe your former boss from three jobs ago is connected to someone at your dream job company- could she introduce the two of you? The advantages are there, but before you start leveraging your virtual cocktail party into actual career opportunities, you should make sure your digital footprint is in order.Vet your virtual selfThis means you should update your LinkedIn profile with your most recent resume points, areas of experience, and skills. For your Twitter feed that you mostly use to express how terrible the umpire was in last night’s game, and OMG, how terrible is the Post Office?, well†¦consider setting it to private and setting up a professional-only account where you share interesting links about your field.For Facebook, take a close look at your security settings, and ma ke sure that anything you wouldn’t want a recruiter or HR rep to see is well hidden behind an â€Å"only you† or â€Å"friends only† barrier (though that can still be risky). No profanity, no suggestive material, no extreme political opinions (no matter how much you might hate the Bull-Moose Party, sorry).For LinkedIn, make sure you’ve got your profile filled out, up-to-date, and looking professional. The place is crawling with recruiters and like-minded professionals, so you really want to make sure that you’re showing your most engaged, shining, professional self.Talk up topics related to your professionIf you don’t already do this, cultivate a professional voice with your social media accounts. Link to others in the field, and try to join (or start) conversations in comments sections. If you don’t get out there an engage, how will people know to engage with youFind your peopleLook for groups and communities devoted to your industry . It’s a great way to start connecting to people if your existing social media is mostly social friends from other parts of your life. According to U.S. News and World Report, becoming a social media â€Å"savant† is one of the most effective ways to speed up your job search, because that’s where employers are focusing their hiring energies these days.Perform a Self-Makeover Every Few Months  If you’re looking for a job right this minute, you don’t have time to slowly curate every detail in your professional package, so you need to have everything ready to go. Make sure you’re ready to go as soon as you hear about that opportunity via online tools or your network- you don’t want the hot tip to grow cold while you futz around with your resume. So before you even think about putting yourself out there like a press release, make sure things are all set behind the scenes.Update your resumeIt would be great to rebuild it from scratch, bu t if you don’t have the time, a good scrub of your current one will do. Make sure all of your work experience, accomplishments, and skills are up to date. Right before you submit, do a quick tailoring to make sure that your skills and experience dovetail with the job opening.RELATED:  The Ultimate Resume Guide for Every Job SeekerWork interview practice into your routinesIf you do find a great lead, you could move quickly through the process. If you’re asked to come in for an interview next week, don’t wait until the last second to get ready. Add a few minutes to your morning or bedtime routine by rehearsing your interview talking points (skills, anecdotes about your skills, even your interview smile) in the mirror.Prep your interview outfitIf your interview suit hasn’t seen the light of day since Justin Bieber was that nice young man from Canada, take it out and give it some love. Run it to the dry cleaner so that it’s ready to go if you have to move fast on an interview. Or, if it’s time to retire it and you have the resources, go shopping for a new, interview-appropriate outfit.  Knowing that you’re ready to mobilize whenever you need to can help mentally as well†¦even if you’re in a bit of a waiting period, you still have projects to work on in the meantime.If you’re looking for a job fast, being proactive is definitely the key. One of the drawbacks of the job search in general is that it can feel so stop-and-go, sapping your energy along the way and turning into a daily, demoralizing routine of â€Å"eh, anything available yet?† By taking control over your social media and networks, and making your online searches more targeted and effective, you’re increasing the chances that something will hit sooner than later. Good luck!

Mammography and MRI Availability Act of 2009 Essay

Mammography and MRI Availability Act of 2009 - Essay Example t African American women have the highest incidence of breast cancer and are 30% more likely to die of the disease than caucasian women, at least in part due to later stage disease detection in this group of women (Schuler, 2009). Breast cancer screening tools such as mammography were introduced into widespread use based on the presumption that early detection afforded by routine screening would lead to more effective treatment and overall survival rates from this disease. Data collected from numerous clinical trials indicate that mammography screening done on an annual basis is associated with a significant reduction in mortality rates from breast cancer (Elting, 2009). According to the World health organization (WHO), a 35% decrease in mortality from breast cancer is associated with biannual mammography in women between the ages of 50-69 years (Elting et al, 2009). The statistics on actual use of mammography as a diagnostic tool for women over 40 reveal that this screening modality is significantly underused by women in this age group for whom the test is most highly recommended. For example, in 2002 approximately 25% of eligible women did not receive this diagnostic test (Schueler, 2008). Racial and ethnic differences in screening percentages mean that caucasian women are far more likely to receive annual mammography, which may account in part for the increased death rates in African American women from breast cancer in that it is not as likely to be detected in this group at an early stage (Schueler et al, 2008). In addition, women from lower socioeconomic groups (lower income, less education) are less likely to receive annual mammography screening. Moreover, the statistics indicate that women living in rural areas are less likely to receive diagnostic screening than women living in urban areas in the US (Schueler et al, 2008). Research suggests that the most important factor accounting for these demographic and racial differences in screening rates

Reading response papers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Reading response papers - Essay Example ecting these matters; but I will endeavor to describe, in the best manner in my power, what I have myself seen; and imperfectly as I may succeed in the attempt, I am fully aware that the account will appear so wonderful as to be deemed scarcely worthy of credit; since even we who have seen these things with our own eyes, are yet so amazed as to be unable to comprehend their reality. But your Majesty may be assured that if there is any fault in my relation, either in regard to the present subject, or to any other matters of which I shall give your Majesty an account, it will arise from too great brevity rather than extravagance or prolixity in the details; and it seems to me but just to my Prince and Sovereign to declare the truth in the clearest manner, without saying anything that would detract from it, or add to it. Hernan Cortà ©s’ introduction to his description of the city of Temixtitlan is designed to arouse Charles V’s interest, and to impress the monarch with the great value of the territory which the conquistador has obtained for him. Cortà ©s’ is obviously under great need to justify his unilateral actions in Mexico and seeks to obtain the king’s sanction. His account of the treasure in the city, the marvelous architecture, the cornucopia of products available in the numerous markets, the magnificent temples, pleasure houses and palaces, the enviable water supply system, the refinement of the natives, his estimation of the extent of Moctezuma’s domain and Moctezuma’s elaborate lifestyle, are all couched in the most extravagant terms. It is difficult to believe Cortà ©s’ claim that his account is â€Å"the truth in the clearest manner.† The excessive length of his descriptions of everything, ranging from the produce available in the marketplace to the birds and animals in the pleasure houses, can definitely be considered to be examples of â€Å"prolixity.† Cortà ©s is evidently keen that Charles V perceives Temixtitlan to be superior to any city

More impotant than a baby sitter Essay Example for Free

More impotant than a baby sitter Essay In today’s world we live our lives constantly wondering what we can do to better ourselves or our children. When in fact we should be concerned with what we didn’t do already. Pet scans and other research show that from birth to age 6 are the most crucial years for brain development. At just the age of three, a child’s brain is twice as active as the average adult brain and it stays that way for the first decade of life. With the world at its most competitive period, we want our children to be as logical and knowledgeable as possible. Preschools are a great way to focus on the essential components that allow a child’s brain to develop. Even though some parents treat preschool as a baby sitter, they may be missing the bigger picture that these great facilities are making. Babies are born learning, they make synapses connections throughout the day. And these connections are only made if they are a repetitive action, like putting the square block through the square hole. This is considered the â€Å"wiring† of the child’s brain and only takes place during the young years. Teachers know this and make the children preform the repetitive actions so the connections they are experiencing are strong and last throughout the rest of their lives. Preschoolers learn so much so fast it’s like they are making leaps in their education. If everyone was educated starting at the preschool level who knows how much more successful and developed this world would be. Preschools offer a safe environment for children to interact for maybe even the first time. This one on one contact is for proper development; the child learns how to wait, take turns and how to listen. This helps determine personality for the long run of the pupil’s life. These experiences must happen during preschool age to have a long term effect and the child benefit. Children also learn motor skills in preschool and the soft; child friendly rooms prevent any accidents or damage to their fragile bodies. They are able to try new movements and exercise their motor skills all while having fun. Music is another item introduced to the children for the first time. Musically inclined people have found to be introduced to music at a very early age according to Educational Expert Barbra Callaghan. And music has positive effects with originality and creativity. And it’s hard to call it a preschool without arts and crafts, this type of hand eye coordination goes hand and hand with the skills learned from music. Music is also a great tool for memorization, face it, when you think about the alphabet that same tune they play in preschools comes to mind. It also teaches rhythm and tempo and stimulates their brain to perform as a â€Å"sponge† to soak up information in large amounts. The first day of kindergarten can be extremely confusing and overwhelming for some children, but for children that have been enrolled in preschool it’s just a lot bigger building with new people. Preschool has been called the â€Å"boot camp of education†, because it is designed relatively similar to elementary school. And the statistics prove preschool helps in the success of public school. In 2009 a study by Duke University showed that in America, 59% of high school graduates were exposed to preschool at some time, and 41% received no education prior to kindergarten. That’s an astounding number considering the high school dropout rate in 2009 was 16% according to CNN, and it’s safe to say more than half of them were not exposed to preschool in their younger years. Preschools are designed to be â€Å"fun† for small children, and they are. But the children are learning things they will need for the rest of their lives without even realizing. Almost every situation life brings to us on a daily basis can be traced back to the developmental years that take place during preschool. Whether it’s to help you develop independence, concentration, or even your academic foundation is developed in preschool. Think about all the children that are neglected of this solid start to education. Preschool has a greater purpose than being a babysitter; It’s something we can use to better ourselves for more breakthroughs with medicine and even discoveries of a new energy. It all starts at preschool, all babies are willing to learn its natural, we just have to give them the chance. Works Cited ARSLAN, EMEL, NESLIHAN DURMUSOGLU-SALTALI, and HASAN YILMAZ. Social Skills And Emotional And Behavioral Traits Of Preschool Children. Social Behavior Personality: An International Journal 39. 9 (2011): 1281-1287. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. Callaghan, Barbara. The Benefits of Preschool. FamilyEducation. com. Pearson Education, 05 Nov. 2009. Web. 24 Nov. 2012. . Jackson, Marshall J. Brain Development. Birth to Six. Multnomah County Library, 03 May 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2012. . Lynch, Robert G. The Economic Policy Institute. Economic Policy Institute. Economic Policy Institute, Oct. 2004. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. . Williams, Jessie. High School Dropouts Rise. CNN. Cable News Network, 05 May 2009. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. . `

Gynecomastia :: science

Gynecomastia Definition Gynecomastia is a common disease of the male breast where there is a benign glandular enlargement of that breast at some time in the male's life. It usually consists of the appearance of a flat pad of glandular tissue beneath a nipple which becomes tender at the same time. The development may be unilateral or bilateral. There is rarely a continued growth of the breast tissue; ordinarily the process is of brief duration and stops short of the production of permanent enlargement of the breast. Causes A great number of patients who suffer from this disease have a disturbance in the proper ratio of androgen and estrogen levels. The normal ratio of the two hormones in plasma is approximately 100:1. "The etiology of gynecomastia in patients with a known documented cause appears to be related to increased estrogen stimulation, decreased testosterone levels, or some alteration of the estrogens and androgen so that the androgen-estrogen ratio is decreased"(Williams 373). From this information it was discovered that there is also a lower ratio of weaker adrenal androgens (delta 4-androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone) found in youths with this disease. It was once believed that there was an imbalance in the ratios of testosterone to estrogen or estradiol, but this is now know to be untrue. There are three areas the can be attributed to the cause of gynecomastia: physiologic, pathologic and pharmacologic. "Enlargement of the male breast can be a normal physiologic phenomenon at certain stages of life or the result of several pathologic states."(Isselbacher, 2037) In the case of physiologic gynecomastia the disease can occur in a newborn baby, at puberty or at any time in a man's life. In the newborn, transient enlargement of the breast is due to the action of maternal and/or placental estrogens. The enlargement usually disappears within a few weeks. Adolescent gynecomastia is common during puberty with the onset at the median age of 14. It is often asymmetrical and frequently tender. It regresses so that by the age of 20 only a small number of men have palpable vestiges of gynecomastia in one or both the breasts. Gynecomastia of aging also occurs in otherwise healthy men. Forty percent or more of aged men have gynecomastia. One explanation is the increase in age in the conversion of androgens to estrogens in extra- glandular tissues. Drug therapy and abnormal liver functioning can also be causes of gynecomastia in older men.

Early Puritan and Pilgrim Literature Essay

The Puritans and the Pilgrims both migrated to North America to escape religious persecution due to their views about the Church of England. They created very little literature because writing was viewed as satanic in both cultures. All that was written in Puritan New England were works to glorify God and record journeys for historical purposes. The most famous poets of this period include Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor. William Bradford, the governor of the Plymouth Colony, kept a journal of the events that took place on the journey over on the Mayflower and life within the colony. Jonathan Edwards, a minister during the Great Awakening wrote the sermon â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.† These authors illustrated the following religious beliefs in their works: natural depravity, irresistible grace, and unconditional election. Puritans believed that all men sinned and that all men were of an evil nature. Ministers instructed them to search their souls for sins and ask God for forgiveness. In the 1730’s and 1740’s the Puritan religion began to lose followers. Several ministers went to extreme measures to get their followers to adhere to the teaching in the Bible more sternly. â€Å"There are in the souls of wicked men those hellish principles reigning, that would presently kindle and flame out into hell fire, if it were not for God’s restraints.†(101). The prior excerpt demonstrates the natural depravity of men. Puritans were instructed to frequently search through their souls for instances of which they had done evil doings. The act of constant soul searching wore many puritans down and caused them to convert to a different faith while others were driven in to a psychotic state. Edwards also stated that â€Å"Your wickedness makes you as it were heavy as lead and to tend downwa rds with great weight and pressure towards Hell;†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (103). The passage refers to the wickedness of men. Hearing every Sunday that you possess natural wickedness which drags you down towards hell is one of the reasons the Puritan faith became unpopular and eventually died out. In his sermon, he also stated â€Å"So that thus it is, that natural men are held in the hand of God over the pit of Hell; they have deserved the fiery pit, and are already sentenced to it;†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (103). Edwards and other preachers of the Great Awakening depict God as an angry and cruel man and end up losing many followers of the Puritan faith in the end as members of the faith viewed God as mean and inhumane and  they felt he was inaccessible to them. Another Puritan belief that was prominently displayed in their literature was unconditional election. Unconditional election states that God decides whether a man will go to heaven or hell before he or she is even born. The poet, Anne Bradstreet illustrates the theme in her poem â€Å"Upon the Burning of Our House† â€Å"And, when I could no longer look,/ I blest His name that gave and took,/ That laid my goods no in the dust:/ Yea so it was, and so ’twas just./ It was his own: it was not mine;/ Far be it that I should repine.†(53). This example states that even though her house and earthly possessions are ruined she can take comfort in the fact that the Lord has a house waiting for her in heaven. In another one of her poems,† To My Dear and Loving Husband†, Anne represents the same theme â€Å"Thy love is such I can no way repay;/ The heavens reward thee manifold, I pray./ Then while we live, in love let’s so persever,/ That when we live no more we may live ever.† (51). Edward Taylor, another poet of the colonial era, writes poem in the mindset of being one of the unconditionally elect. He states in the poem â€Å"Huswifery† â€Å"Then cloath therewith mine Understanding, Will,/ Affections, Judgment, Conscience, Memory/ My Words, and Actions, that their shine may fill/ My wayes with glory and thee glorify./ Then mine apparel shall display before yee./ (70). Taylor proclaims he is asking God to clothe him in knowledge of the next life and that he believes he is of the unconditionally elect for asking for this understanding. Yet another reoccurring theme in the writings of the puritans was irresistible grace. Irresistible grace states men survive by the grace of God. William Bradford uses this theme many times in his account of the Pilgrims journey to the new world titled Of Plymouth Plantation. Bradford wrote, â€Å"But herewith they broke their mast in three pieces and their sail fell overboard in a bery grown sea, so as they had like to have been cast away. Yet by God’s mercy they recovered themselves, and having the flood with them struck into the harbor.†(34). He indicates that the Pilgrims were at the mercy of God and by his grace they found the harbor and survived. Bradford later refers to an instance when some Pilgrims were exploring the  area around a possible camp site. â€Å"Men, Indians! Indians!† And withal, their arrows came flying amongst them. Their men ran with all speed to recover their arms, as by the good providence of God they did.† (33). Here Bradford glorifies God for allowing the Pilgrims to get to their weapons before them all fell victims to the arrows of the Indians. Bradford greatens the name of God once more in the account of John Howland. â€Å"†¦as they thus lay in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, was thrown into sea; but it pleased God he caught hold of the topsail halyards†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (28). Unlike the man who feel overboard and drowned, for taunting the sick and poor, John Howland had the graces of God extended to him and was rescued from the stormy waters. Throughout the Colonial Age Puritans and Pilgrims emphasized three major themes in their literature. They wrote of irresistible grace, the natural depravity existing in all of man kind, and predestination for those among the unconditionally elect. Three writers of the period, Bradstreet, Taylor, and Bradford, use their works to glorify God and announce themselves among the unconditionally elect. The fourth, Jonathan Edwards wrote a sermon in an attempt to scare followers in to the more strict puritans ways of past in an attempt to save the religion.

Language Development

Language both oral and written is of utmost importance to human kind. Language is how one communicates, and understands the world. If children are going to lean and communicate in society their development of a wide range of language competencies are essential to guarantee their success in a mixture of settings in their everyday routines. (Otto, 2010, p. 3). The process of acquiring language begins before birth, but is moving at a more rapid pace and changing drastically in early childhood. Children in the early childhood stages of development are very social; they are asking many questions, enhancing their knowledge of language is essential for their learning in all aspects of development (Papalia, Olds, & Feldman, 2008, p. 16). Language development in early childhood is enhanced when educators present young children with curriculum content that supports language acquisition with the use developmentally appropriate methodologies in teaching language and literacy to young children across a developmental curriculum, and the use of adequate referral and intervention strategies for student with special learning needs related to language development. The curriculum content presented to preschool students is important to the acquisition of language in general. When teaching students language skills the curriculum consists of teaching the child to read, write and speak well. This will require systematic work in several different areas, such as: phonemic awareness, semantic knowledge, syntactic knowledge, morphemic knowledge and pragmatic knowledge (Otto, 2010, p. 207). The curriculum for young children should consist of teaching how printed language works, recognizing and naming the letters in the alphabet, leaning letter sounds, as well as blending sounds. Asking questions, describing events, developing vocabulary though conversations and experiences, and opportunities and materials that encourage discussions between students, other students and teachers, along with discussion for problem solving (Bennitt, 1999, pp. 114-115). The developmentally appropriate methodologies in teaching these language and literacy skills to young children consist of exploratory activities, teacher-guided activities, and routine activities (Otto, 2010, p. 208). Exploratory activities are independent activities that allow students a chance to explore ways of interacting with the materials provided. For instance blocks and manipulative urge children to meet the language goals of describing and labeling what was built and how they built it, helping children to solve problems, and persuading them to ask questions, about what they are building and how it relates to real-life structures and events, using receptive and expressive language . Another exploratory activity is a drama corner, children in this environment talk in the roles they are playing using all five aspects of language knowledge. The drama center also helps the understanding of written language when students are provided with pencil and paper to make grocery list, or write letters, or take orders in a restaurant. The book center is also a developmentally appropriate method of presenting language curriculum. In the book center students are encouraged to recreate, previously read stories using pictures and tell them to other students, enhancing both receptive and expressive language. The teacher should only be an observer in this setting as it is exploratory and not teacher guided (Otto, 2010, pp. 11-213). Teacher guided activities also encourage language development, these are activities for a small or large group, but it is considered more developmentally appropriate to keep the large group activities to a minimum and use small groups more often to allow more opportunities for participation and a better view of illustrations or objects involved in the activity. Some of the teacher guided activities that encourage language development are show and tell, book time, oral storytelling and poetry and music time. Show and tell encourages language development by increasing listening comprehension, vocabulary, and taking turns (Otto, 2010, p. 223). Show and tell also supports expressive phonetic knowledge, encouraging children that to speak at a volume with articulation for clear communication to the children they are speaking to. It encourages receptive semantic knowledge though hearing other children describe what they have brought, while expressive semantic knowledge is enhanced by the child describing what they have brought. While pragmatic knowledge is encouraged though the learning of how to use language in this setting of sharing an object or event on interest (Otto, 2010, p. 223). Another teacher guided activity is on that increases interest in reading, increases understanding with written language, expands vocabulary development, and awakes of story structure; this activity is book sharing (Otto, 2010, p. 224). Children will gain knowledge in each aspect of language: 1. Pragmatic, diverse stories use language differently. . Phonetic knowledge, consciousness of the sound system of language. 3. Morphemic knowledge, receptive knowledge of how morphemes impact word meanings, 4. Semantic knowledge increased, through strong and diverse language in books, and pragmatic and syntactic knowledge, how thoughts are structured into sentences and phrases of book language or literate resister. Increasing this skill depends on the appropriate selection of books and the interaction strategies used doing the book sharing (Otto, 2010).

Lynchings in America essays

Lynchings in America essays Recently, an L.A. Times article (dated 2/13/00) reviewed a new book entitled "Without Sanctuary", a collection of photographs from lynchings throughout America. During the course of the article, the author, Benjamin Schwarz, outlined some very interesting and disturbing facts related to this gruesome act of violence: Between 1882 and 1930, more than 3,000 people were lynched in the U.S., with approximately 80% of them taking place in the South. Though most people think only African Americans were victims of lynchings, during those years, about 25% were white. Data indicates that mobs in the West lynched 447 whites and 38 blacks; in the Midwest there were 181 white victims and 79 black; and in the South, people lynched 291 whites and 2,462 African Americans. Though most people believe lynchings were just the manifestation of racial hatred, the author indicates that 20% of Southern lynching victims were killed by mobs of their own race. In addition, other societies such as Ancient Rome and Greece, Germany, China, Nigeria, and East Africa lynched their own. It is for this reason that Mr. Schwarz believes lynchings cannot be explained only in terms of racism and paranoid "white psyche". To find the true reason, we must consider a different point of view. According to Mr. Schwarz, in the late 19th century, there arose in the South a large proportion of transient black men who, as their labor became expendable in an increasingly industrial and commercial economy, adopted a life of crime. In the article, Mr. Schwarz writes, "There, loosened from the traditional controls of the black family and community, many led a roaming, reckless and often violent existence." The theory goes, as these African American men moved from city to city, they became easy targets for Southern whites (and some blacks) who took it upon themselves to "punish" lawless citizens. To support his theory, Mr. Schwarz refers to data that shows "Most lynchings ...

French Words for Kisses

French Words for Kisses French has a number of different words for kiss, which, though not surprising for such a romantic language, can be confusing for French learners. The most common terms are bise and bisou, and while they are both informal with similar meanings and uses, theyre not exactly the same. Une bise is a kiss on the cheek, a gesture of friendship exchanged while saying hello and good-bye. Its not romantic, so it can be used between friends and acquaintances of any gender combination, particularly two women and a woman and man. Two men are likely to say/write it only if they are family or very close friends. Bise is most commonly found in the expression faire la bise. In the plural, bises is used when saying good-bye (e.g., Au revoir et bises tous) and at the end of a personal letter: Bises, Grosses bises, Bises ensoleillà ©es (from a friend in a sunny place), etc. Again, bises is platonic. It does not mean that the letter writer is trying to take your relationship to the next level; its basically shorthand for saying good-bye with the classic French cheek/air kiss: je te fais la bise. Familiar spelling variation: biz Un bisou is a warmer, more playful, and more familiar version of bise. It can refer to a kiss on the cheek or on the lips, so may be used when talking to lovers and platonic friends. Bisous can say good-bye to a good friend (A demain! Bisous toute la famille) as well at the end of a letter: Bisous, Gros bisous, Bisous aux enfants, etc. When saying good-bye on the phone, friends sometimes repeat it several times: Bisous, bisous, bisous! Bisous, tchao, bisous! Familiar abbreviation: bx More French Kisses Nouns un baiser - kissun bà ©cot (informal) - kiss, peckun patin (informal) - French kiss, kiss with tonguesune pelle (informal) - French kissun smack - noisy kiss Verbs bà ©coter (informal) - to kiss, smoochbiser - to kissdonner un baiser - to kissembrasser - to kissenvoyer un baiser - to blow a kissenvoyer un smack - to give a noisy kissfaire une bise/un bisou - to kiss (usually on the cheek)rouler un patin - to French kissrouler une pelle - to French kisssucer la poire/pomme - to kiss passionately, neck Warning: As a noun its perfectly acceptable, and its ok to say baiser la main, but otherwise, do not use baiser as a verb! Though it originally meant to kiss, it is now an informal way to say to have sex. Other Kisses le bouchebouche - kiss of lifele coup fatal - kiss of deathdivulguer des secrets dalcà ´ve - to kiss and tellfaire de la là ¨che (familiar) - to kiss upfaire la paix - to kiss and make upfaire un croix dessus (informal) - to kiss something good-byeplaquer - to give a boyfriend/girlfriend the kiss-offraconter ses secrets dalcà ´ve - to kiss and tellvirer - to give an employee the kiss-off

Speluncean Explorer Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Speluncean Explorer Case - Essay Example The jury will hear the arguments from both the parties and then he will decide the truth or punishment. Normally in adversarial system the trial will be followed by an inquiry of the issue. In my opinion, the judge Natural who upheld the judgment, but reduced the punishment to 20 years life in prison, is more likely to be the best judge who acted as per the criminal justice system in Ukraine. In criminal procedures, the humanity or morality will only at the second place. At first place the as per the criminal justice system the judges need to analyze that whether the crime has been committed by the accused or not. They should confirm that enough evidences are there to sentence the culprits. So the first duty of the judges is to ensure that enough evidences are there against the culprit. The circumstances under which the crime has been conducted, comes only after the crime is established. The circumstances of the crime only used to determine how much punishment needs to be enforced. If the judge feels that the culprit has no other way other than the crime to escape, the judge can consider a liberal approach towards the culprit. Or in other words if the crime was conducted under no forceful conditions then the culprit needs maximum punishment. Here in this Speluncean Explorer Case, the crime was conducted only when there was no other way for the culprits to escape. So the judge can think of a liberal approach towards the culprits. But at the same time, under no circumstances, a person can take the life of another person because of its immense value. Since nobody can create a life in the laboratory, nobody can take the life of another person also. So in this case judge Natural is absolutely right in his judgment in my opinion. He has analyzed all the aspects of the crime both legally and morally. Though the culprits may be right legally, morally they were not. Capital punishment has to be reduced considering all the

Financial ratios and their implications along with their usage Literature review

Financial ratios and their implications along with their usage - Literature review Example This essay discusses that financial ratios have been used by firms around the world to analyse how one firm performs in comparison to the other firm as well as to analyse the performance of the firm over the period of years. Therefore management calculates and uses financial ratios to identify the performance gap of the firm against its own past performances as well as against the performance of competing firms in the industry. In addition to this, management uses to analyse the financial performance of the firm against the average financial ratios of the firms operating in the industry as well and then identify areas where the firm has not been performing up to the mark. Some organisations use the financial ratios for the purpose of benchmarking as well and they tend to set different targets for different kinds of financial ratios and then make efforts to achieve these financial ratios. For instance, a firm would like to achieve a profit margin of 20% and therefore in order to achie ve this profit margin, the company would be making efforts to reduce the cost of the company or generate more sales so that costs is allocated to more sold units and targeted profit margin is achieved. Financial ratios are an important indicator about the performance of the firm and therefore it has been used not only by the management of the organisation but these financial ratios have also been used by investors, shareholders, suppliers, distributors and other stakeholders to analyse the financial performance of the company. ... Financial ratios can be subdivided into five major types of financial ratios on the basis of what these ratios reflect: 1. Profitability Ratios 2. Liquidity Ratios 3. Activity Ratios or Efficiency Ratios 4. Leverage Ratios 5. Market Ratios There are different financial ratios included in each of the five categories discussed above and each type or of ratios have their own importance and implications. TYPES OF FINANCIAL ratios Profitability Ratios Profitability ratios reflect how the firm is making profits using the assets or resources it has (Kaplan, and Atkinson, 1998). There are different types of profitability ratios and some of the most important profitability ratios have been discussed below: Profit Margin Profit margin of the firm is calculated using two variables; net profit of the company and the net revenue or net sales. Profit margin reflects the percentage of profits the firm earns out of the total revenue it generates. Formula for calculating profit margin is as follows: Higher profit margin of the firm shows that the cost of making profits is low and lower profit margin indicates that the cost of the company is high. Negative value of profit margin indicates a loss. Gross Profit Margin Gross margin of the firm reflects the profits generated by the company after deducting the production cost (Khan, 1993,). Higher gross profit margin reflects that the cost of production of the firm is low and vice versa. The formula for calculating gross margin is as follows: Operating Margin or Operating Profit Margin Operating profit margin of the firm reflects the ratio of operating profits of the firm against the net sales (Atkinson, Kaplan, Matsumura, & Young, 2007). Operating profit margin can be calculated using the following ratio: Operating

Patterns Withing Systems of Linear Equations Math Problem

Patterns Withing Systems of Linear Equations - Math Problem Example The usual letter for the unknown number is. A real problem can be written as: This is called an equation because there is a sign. In order to find the value of the unknown number, algebra’s rules can do whatever it likes to this equation as long as it does the same to both sides of the equation. So far it has had equation with a single unknown number. What if it has two unknown numbers? In fact, an equation with two unknown has an infinite numbers of pairs of answer. To fix a single pair of number as the answer, it needs another equation. A pair of equation, each with two unknown numbers is called simultaneous equations. They can be solved together to give the values for the unknowns that satisfy both equations simultaneously. This paper contains a mathematical research about systems of linear equation when their coefficients obey arithmetic or geometric progressions. An arithmetic progression is a sequence of numbers where each number is a certain among larger than the previo us one. The numbers in the sequence are said to increase by a common difference, d. For example: is an arithmetic progression where the. The term of this sequence is. On the other hand, a geometric progression is a sequence where each number is times larger than the previous one. is known as the common ratio of the progression. The term of a geometric progression, where is the first term and is the common ratio, is: . For example, in the following geometric progression, the first term is , and the common ratio is : the term is therefore. The purpose of this portfolio is to show how with the aid of technology using appropriate computer software likes Autograph and Maxima packages (see Figure 1) is quick and easy to get graphical representations of algebraic equations. Thus, how in many situations, the graphs offers much more insight into the problem than does the algebra. Part A will consider the patterns within systems of linear equations:, where and are in arithmetic progression. W hile, in Part B the same coefficients obey geometric progression. Part A. System of linear equations formed with arithmetic progressions. Arithmetic progressions In algebra, letters are used in place of numbers that are not known. The usual letter for the unknown numbers are or . . The numbers are constants in an equation, for example: For instance in the above equation, and are known as constants in the equation. It says that the constant and form a arithmetic progression if they have a common difference, such as: Constants in a system of linear equations Given the system of linear equations. The coefficients are detected as follow: Examining the first equation, it sees a pattern in the constants of the equation. i.e. is the constant preceding the variable , and precede and the equation equals 3. The constant have a common dif

International Tax Havens And Money Laundering

International Tax Havens And Money Laundering Introduction Layering is the procedure of sorting out the capital gained from illegal actions from their source using different levels of composite fiscal transactions, for instance changing cash into travellers checks, shares, investments, or acquiring expensive assets, for example painting or jewellery. 4 Introduction In this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes. Benjamin Franklin (1789) Cited in Sharon (2009), p333 International tax havens and money laundering is becoming a major issue in the current world economy. A tax haven country is a place where certain taxes are levied at a small rate or does not exist. People and/or businesses can find it smart to move into those places which will create tax competition amongst governments which also include illegal activities such as profits gained from unfair trading or frauds in a companys accounts and corruption. Goerke (2008) study shows that there is a negative relationship between tax havens and corruption. This is because a country with tax evasion policies, the normal tax rate has to be high in order to generate the same level of income as a country with no tax evasion policy. High tax rate has a tendency to ease corruption. In the UK, Her Majesties Royal Court (HMRC) is trying to gain access to details of overseas accounts of UK citizens in tax havens countries (Riem, 2009). The Financial Times in July 2008, reported the Swiss bank UBS will no hold have overseas account for U.S. citizens following a law suit by the U.S. government in May, 2008 (GFIP, 2009). The US Treasury has lost on an annual basis around US $ 100 billions in revenue because of the accounts held in tax haven countries. The U.S. congress introduced the Stop Tax Haven Abuse Act (STHAA) in March 2009 which includes a list of tax haven countries. Companies are planning to move away from the place where the Act is in force. The Italian Finance Minister, Guilio Tremonti had the fight against tax haven countries as his main priority in the G-8  [1]  summit in Aquila in July 2009. Money laundering is the procedure to cover the correct source, possession, route and use of capital, largely gained from illicit actions with the intend of making appear is was obtained legally. There are three main ways of doing this, namely: placement, layering and integration (Shehu, 2003). Placement occurs when an individual deposits money gained from illegal activities into financial services providers such as banks. Layering is the procedure of sorting out the capital gained from illegal actions from their source using different levels of composite fiscal transactions, for instance changing cash into travellers checks, shares, investments, or acquiring expensive assets, for example painting or jewellery. Integration is when an individual uses legal means to hide illicit money, therefore leaving the illegal funds to be distributed back to criminals. These can take the form of fake import/export invoices. Advantages and Disadvantages of International Tax Havens and Money Laundering Offshore financial institution offers access to steady political and economic matters. This is advantageous to the residents who lives in areas of political turmoil who fear their assets may be frozen. Some banks operate at a low cost base and provide high interest rates than what is legal in the home country due to the lack of government interference in the affairs. Money laundering in remote islands and countries helps increase the economy growth. The services of offshore banks are advantageous when compared to domestic banks, they offer number of bank accounts, risk is based on high and low rates of investments. Some individuals have specific tax advantages because these banks are linked to other offshore companies, trust or foundations. However, through money laundering the banks have been involved to help terrorist groups, crime gangs, and other state and non-state actors. Money laundering encourages tax evasion, by helping them deposit their hidden income in an attractive place. Access to offshore banks are difficult as they operate in far distant places. Yet accounts can be created by online and other modes, a country such as India finds it difficult to deal with the issue of money travelling in and out without restrictions. Offshore accounts aid this money, and this can cause financial problems in the country. The charge to uphold these accounts is possible by the high earners . The tax load falls for the middle income group. Also the people who earn more are left to pay more taxes to facilitate the economy. Acquisition, possession or use of property, knowing at the time of receipt that such property was derived from criminal activity or from an act of participation in such activity (Lockett, 1999). Government review fiscal transactions to make sure the work is carried out properly on the administrative side, prevent welfare and other benefits fraud, prevent money laundering and to detect any other illicit doings (World Bank Institute, 2008). These advantages, however, government employees gaining access to these data and other individual might misuse these financial data (World Bank Institute, 2008). These advantages, however, government employees gaining access to these data and other individual might misuse these financial data (World Bank Institute, 2008). People who are involved in trying to hide or transfer properties that are used for criminal purposes will face legal sanctions (Lockett, 1999). For instance, these properties may be used for drugs dealing, hide dirty money, and any other criminal activities. Global Overview International tax havens and money laundering is having a global impact. For instance, in India, money laundering is become a huge problem as money generated from illegal activities, such as crimes, terrorism and drug-trafficking, is instantly transferred to tax havens countries such as Switzerland. India are made up of tax havens, laws allowing secrecy, disguised corporations, anonymous trust accounts, fake foundations and assorted money laundering mechanisms which are designed to move money and keep hidden their sources (Financial Times, 2009). The local government and authorities, for instance, the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, seems to have no interest investigating into the matter. Even during the G-20 meeting in London (2009), the Indian representative though this topic would be out of line when actually tax haven countries and money laundering was making the headlines. In February 2009, an Indian newspaper reports that several Indian ministers visited Switzerland on private voyage. (Vaidyanathan, 2009) Kar and Cartwright-Smith (2008) in a report for the Global Financial Integrity (GFI) that illicit financial outflow from India for the period 2002-2006 was on an average low of US $ 22.7 billions and high of US $ 27.3 billions per year ranking India as the 5th largest outflow of illegal money outflow in the world. These come from mainly second hand goods markets which are not accounted for and largely processed by a financial service provide named Hawala Bank. Hawala Bank is a financial services provider which is unlicensed and therefore under no government authority. The financial institution accept money in all its form in one country and pays out in another country but does not find it important to keep proper records of clients and transactions. Their main trading activity is transferring money from developed countries into the Middle East and North Africa where the firm originated. Institution trading often goes through Pakistan; Dubai and Africa countries such as Nigeria before reaching the customer as a means to protect the privacy of clients and that is the main reason is it use for money laundering as shown in Appendix 1. No studies manage to analyse the amount of money traded by the company but it is believed that Hawala bankers are hugely involve for tax evasion and money laundering. Since it has no legal obligation, preventing them from trading is almost impossible as it is done in an informal way. (van de Bunt, 2008) As compared to this, Italy is showing a great concern in tax haven countries and money laundering. Italy has the highest corporate tax rate in Europe as shown in Appendix 2 which triggers Italian base companies to send profits in tax haven countries. De Mooij Ederveen and Dharmapala (2008) argued that company profits and income is more responsive to taxes that where the company or individual is situated. On 3 October 2009, the Italian government granted a grace period for company and individuals to return profits from tax haven countries for a small charge of 5% of the capital. They expect around US $ 148bn to flow back in the country generating tax revenue of US $ 7bn mostly from Switzerland as in the pass, the later was responsible for 58.3% of inflows of profits from overseas. The Finance Minister of Italy, Guilio Tremonti, said in an interview in July 2009: The true benefit of this measure is that it will close Ali Babas cave and measures are useless if they leave tax havens open. Financial Times (16 July, 2009) In 2008, Giulio Tremonti made the account of all Italian tax payers available online which was on of his approach to track incomes of Italian tax payers. Scherer Salzano (2008) discussed that this would not help the government as it could induce financial crime as private details of individuals such as income earned and address were made public and consequently the website was closed. Furthermore, some countries enjoy labelling themselves as tax haven countries such as the Caribbean Islands. However, offshore financial services firms prefer to promote themselves as wealth management centre. A recent approximation by the Tax Justice Network (2009), show that around a third of the worlds assets is held in these countries (i.e. US $ 11.5 trillion). Countries such as France, UK and Holland have no interest in to crack down these tax haven countries as many of them form part of the colonies. Nevertheless, following the September 11 attack, the U.S. government wants to eliminate these countries tax policies as it prompts money laundering therefore helping terrorist groups. Their main targets in the Caribbean are Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Belize, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Guatemala, and Panama. This is because these countries have slack financial authorities which benefit money laundering. Caribbean islands are consequently joining force to establish guidelines to combat money laundering mainly because of world regulators (Rosdol, 2007). Legal Side and Policies Since the 9/11 incident there has been an interest and growing concern for the rules and regulations made against serious crimes including money laundering and tax havens. The Indian government took advantage of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) sanction threats against tax havens and money laundering. They took a hard look at the countrys Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements focusing on restricting the outflow of clack money and adopting measures to arrest anyone involved within the country. In their urge to stop black money funding growth, the Indian government began a negotiation with Switzerland to help release their infamous secrecy laws and share data on tax evasion cases. Since OECD drives against tax havens, many countries have started to sign international standards on transparency and exchange of information. For instance the Cayman Islands have recently signed a joint agreement with seven other countries, which allows them to exchange information on tax matters unilaterally. If similar agreements like the one Caymans Island took were taken by India, it would allow tax authorities to track down tax evaders and money launderers by gaining access to financial information that are hidden. (Basu, 2009) Before the 2008 tax haven and money laundering laws caused a lot of conflict with the Caymans and U.S, however political stability, strict and clear regulations has helped the country escape the OECD clampdown on tax havens. Financial services comprise around 40% of GDP and have made the Caymans the worlds fifth largest financial centre. Strict laws against money laundering got the Caymans removed from the Financial Action Task Force blacklist in 2001 but since then they have maintained a good relationship with the main hosted banks. Regulations in the Cayman Island are provided by the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority, which also manage their currency. (Oxford Economic Country Briefings, 2008) In the Bahamas the government is considering introducing VAT, but this is a challenge for them as the country has built their fortunes on their tax haven status. The financial sector has undergone a deep transformation recently, since they brought down the reputation by introducing all surrounding anti-money laundering legislations. (Oxford Economic Country Briefings, 2008) The Financing and Money Services Act was enforced by the British Virgin Islands (BVI) in November 2009. The aim of this act is to make sure BVI laws and regulations are on the same level with international regulations and policies to fight money laundering and financing of terrorist. A board will be setup following the act to monitor licensing, regulation and supervision of financial services provided in the BVI, which will also include reviewing firms which do not comply with the law (Heath, 2009). There are number of offences which now these financial services providers will have to be line with so as not to break the law, otherwise fines can go up to US $ 60,000 applicable for offenders. U.S. Policies on International Tax Havens and Money Laundering The approach of U.S. law enforcement and regulatory agencies have faced relatively remarkable changes over the past decade such that money laundering and tax havens have been now operated as a primary issue. This change in approach and focus has brought improvement regarding tax havens and money laundering. The assessment of Obamas policies consolidates a tremendous amount of information in this perspective. In May 2009, president Obama presented a set of proposals focusing at international tax policies. The objective of Obama is to eradicate the benefits for those companies and well off individuals that transfer their cash in offshore accounts. He described the current system as: a tax code that says you should pay lower taxes if you create a job in Bangalore, India, than if you create one in Buffalo, New York. The key feature of this proposal is to restrict the companies which are exempted of tax payments on profits earned offshore. The plan of administration is to keep a strict hold on those companies which are not paying their taxes in U.S. pretending that they paid a huge amount of foreign taxes. During his presidential campaign Obamas party promise to work on tax havens and money laundering ACT. In February 2009, he said in a conference: We need to simplify a monstrous tax code that is far too complicated for most Americans to understand, but just complicated enough for the insiders who know how to game the system, finally ending the tax break for corporations that ship our jobs overseas. U.S. President Barack Obama This was his outmost priorities in a speech to the Congress that he guarantees to make the tax code more reasonable. According to the white house Mr. Obama is trying to close the international tax gaps. Companies which are investing in foreign countries and creating job opportunities overseas, will loose their tax advantages as planned by the U.S. President, companies which are creating job opportunities in U.S. will be offered tax advantages with incentives. The President and Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner proposal of tax policy could help in increasing revenue over next year. The estimated income according to the studies carried out is US $ 210 billion. However, this proposal has some drawbacks and has been opposed by several business communities. Congressional leaders, in March 2009, suggested that this change in tax code result in making USA companies less competitive around the business globe. About 200 companies and trade associations, including Microsoft Corp., General Electric Co. and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, collectively signed a letter stating that the following changes to the tax code would set them at a disadvantage with their competitors. This proposal faced considerable opposition by democrats who are hugely represented in senate creating a bug opposite for President Obama. During his election campaign Obama criticised the tax code policy as American companies deferring their tax liabilities on corporate profits. According to democrats the profit earning by overseas investment allows American companies to invest this money in their foreign subsidiaries operations. The loophole which is not covered by Obamas policy is transfer pricing. Transfer pricing is the biggest source of tax avoidance in corporate America. An economics professor at Rutgers, (Altshuler, 2009), called transfer pricing the elephant in the room as it is a major problem which was not addressed under Obamas proposal. According to Ernst Young, reforms in Obamas policy for outsourcing have no affect on offshore corporate companies. By creating separate business entity these offshore corporations can contract with entity to outsource the job. Obama tax reforms have faced a lot of criticism from critics and the leaders in senate but the only purpose of these tax reforms is to encourage the U.S companies to invest locally to create more job opportunities for Americans. The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) said that after evaluating the benefits of outsourcing in India, if the cost of revenue is lower than the tax paid by multinational companies in USA. They would stop investing in foreign subsidiaries. To pursue the dream, Obamas administration announces their budget policy for the year 2011 which is increasing the tax on richest individuals and decreasing taxes for the individuals earning less. Individuals earning more than $200,000 have to face increment of US $ 970billion tax on their earnings. For businesses there is an addition of US $ 400 billion. Conclusion From research a number of laws and regulations have been put in place to improve tax haven and money laundering crimes however, most of the countries still manage to avoid those regulations and laws. In future many countries have decided it is best they work together to put together laws and regulations to decrease the crimes in the financial system if not like India it could become part of their economy and may be difficult to resolve in the future. The Caribbeans, India and Italy have undertaken the laws and regulations of the OECD. They undermine the legal economy because money laundering affects normal competitive conditions of markets which is a threat to the efficiency and stability of each countrys financial system. In Italy the prevention of money laundering plays a strategic role in fighting crime and is based in the Anti-Money Laundering (AML) requirements which are: Customer due diligence Record-keeping requirements concerning business relationships and occasional transactions Adoption of adequate organisational procedures and internal control measures Suspicious-transaction reporting. On the other hand, financial privacy is has to be accounted for before deciding whether to investigate a persons account and income which may end up on morality issues. With all the measure enforced recently and future prospects, tax evaders may want to consider paying the taxes rather than being sued for fraud for moving money to tax haven countries (Economist, 2009). Money laundering is a different case however as however strict the laws are, governments do no any proper knowledge on the amount of illegal paper money circulating. This capital flows to tax haven countries and they are the one who have to have laws in place to determine the origin of this money. The Swiss Ambassador in India, H.E. Mr Philippe Welti, said: Switzerland was accused of giving shelter to black money and there has been a lot of inflow of such wealth from India and other countries of the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I would not say it would be stopped 100% (under a new law). But through this measure, it would be controlled up to a certain limit. Cited by Vaidyanathan (2009, DNA Read the World [Online]) The capita lost in money laundering can be gained back if there if a political will as shown in the case of Nigeria, Italy, Philippines and Israel (Vaidyanathan, 2009). References and Bibliography [n.k], (2008), Oxford Economic Country Briefings. Oxford, p1-4. [n.k]. [n.d] Advantages and disadvantages of offshore banking [Online]. [n.k]. 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